(Optional) Prepare the brine by dissolving salt and sugar in water. Submerge pork chops and refrigerate for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
If brined, remove pork chops from brine and pat dry. If not brined, pat pork chops dry with paper towels.
Season pork chops on both sides with salt and pepper.
In a small saucepan, combine maple syrup, Dijon mustard, bourbon (if using), apple cider vinegar, and garlic powder.
Simmer the glaze mixture over medium heat, stirring occasionally, until it reduces by about one-third and becomes syrupy (about 5-7 minutes). Set aside.
Heat a large cast-iron skillet over medium-high heat. Add vegetable oil.
Once the oil is hot, add the pork chops to the skillet. Sear for 3-4 minutes on each side until golden brown.
Reduce heat to medium-low. Brush pork chops generously with the maple glaze.
Continue cooking for an additional 2-3 minutes per side, brushing with glaze frequently, until the internal temperature reaches 145°F (63°C).
Remove pork chops from the skillet and let rest for 5 minutes.
Drizzle any remaining glaze over the pork chops before serving.