Wash the asparagus thoroughly and trim off the woody ends.
Lay each asparagus stalk flat on a cutting board and use a vegetable peeler to shave it lengthwise into thin ribbons. Rotate the stalk as needed until most of it is shaved.
Place the shaved asparagus ribbons into a large mixing bowl.
In a small bowl, whisk together the lemon juice, lemon zest, olive oil, salt, and black pepper until well combined.
Pour the dressing over the asparagus and gently toss until evenly coated.
Top with shaved Parmesan cheese and any optional add-ins just before serving.
Serve immediately for the best texture and flavor.